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Units Glossary — Rs, lakh, crore, tola

Units Glossary

MarketRadar covers global markets, and global markets use local units. Every article explains a unit at first use; this page collects the definitions in one place.

  • Rs — Pakistani rupees. A price like "Rs 276.77" is rupees per US dollar unless the article says otherwise. Articles give a dollar equivalent at first use (for example, "Rs 425,636 (about $1,538)").
  • ₹ — Indian rupees. Same pattern: the article gives a dollar equivalent at first use.
  • Lakh — 100,000. "₹1.4 lakh crore" means 1.4 × 100,000 × 10,000,000 rupees.
  • Crore — 10,000,000 (100 lakh). "Rs 726 crore" is Rs 7.26 billion.
  • Tola — a South Asian gold weight: 1 tola = 11.66 grams. Gold quoted "per tola" is converted from the dollar gold price at the day's USD/PKR rate.
  • KSE-100 — the benchmark index of the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), tracking the 100 largest listed companies by market value.
  • PSX — Pakistan Stock Exchange, based in Karachi.
  • SBP — State Bank of Pakistan, the country's central bank; its policy rate is the key interest rate for PKR.
  • KIBOR — Karachi Interbank Offered Rate, the rate at which banks lend to each other in Pakistan.
  • Bcf — billion cubic feet, a volume unit for natural gas. A "67 Bcf injection" means 67 billion cubic feet added to storage in a week.
  • HSFO — high sulphur fuel oil, a heavy shipping and power-generation fuel.
  • GBp — British pence. A London share price of "450 GBp" is £4.50.
  • KOSPI — Korea Composite Stock Price Index, the benchmark index of the Korea Exchange in Seoul.
  • PSU — public-sector undertaking, a government-owned company (India).
  • Repo rate — the rate at which a central bank lends to commercial banks (India: the RBI's key policy rate).
  • bp (basis points) — 100 bp = 1 percentage point. A "25 bp hike" is a 0.25 percentage point rise.
  • b/d — barrels per day, a flow rate for oil production and exports.
  • T-bill — Treasury bill, a short-term government debt instrument.

If a unit in an article is not defined here or at first use, email contact@marketradarpk.com and it will be fixed.